Koi Fish Info

Monday, December 24, 2007

Are you need koi keeping equipment?

What sort of equipment do you need for daily keeping koi? Although it is not possible to write down all that covers every contingency, we can take some basic equipment that every hobbyist needs to handle routine tasks and most common problems.

There is water testing
Water testing is an essential part of healthy koi-keeping and general fish-keeping. Regardless of what type of water test-kit is used, it is important that testing is undertaken regularly. It is also important to keep a record of the readings. This gives a documented history of the pond, showing up seasonal fluctuations, any anomalies and the possible causes of any problems. As well as the results of each test, record the date and time of day they were carried out. Testing should be carried out weekly and more often if the pond is new, medicated or disturbed in any way. The basic tests that all koi-keepers should carry out are for temperature, pH, ammonia, nitrite, dissolved oxygen, hardness and nitrate.

Capture and treatment of koi
It is wonderful how many hobbyist do not own a proper net. We need to catch our fish at some time. Taking a fish out of a pond is potentially possible should be done to reduce the risk of stress and damage. The wrong type (too small, flexible or of poor quality materials or design) makes catching koi a stressful exercise - for both you and your fish. Worse still, it can lead to serious physical damage if fish are knocked or fins and scales are caught. The net should be a shallow-pan type of at least 24-inch diameter, with a long, firm handle that doesn't flex when the net is moved through the water.
Koi should not be lifted out of the pond in a net - it is to be used for confining and guiding them to the side of the pond where they should be encouraged to swim into a floating bowl or basket. These can be bought from specialist koi outlets although I have seen some effective home-made ones. A floating basket confines the koi, allowing examination without having to remove it from the pond. A koi sock-net, a long narrow net with an open bottom, makes koi handling safe and easy!
If the koi has to be removed from the pond for treatment it is important to have at least two large treatment bowls. An air-pump is essential as aeration is needed with most medications.

Koi first aid
Even with the best-designed and managed pond there will be possible that some time getting problem there. It is no good waiting until the problem arises and then desperately running about trying to get hold of equipment and treatments. Every koi-keeper should have a basic first-aid kit, which should be kept out of reach of children. A baby's changing mat makes an ideal treatment surface for koi, being soft and less likely to remove mucus than a damp towel.
Commonly, you will also need cotton buds, cotton wool, towel or napkins, paper towels, a small and large pair of sharp scissors and a pair of tweezers or forceps. The first-aid kit should also contain an iodine-based topical antiseptic (eg Vetark Tamodine), a wound dressing e.g. Boots Orabase) and Marinol Blue or Roccal for cleaning out wounds. There are other products that are also suitable. It is worth considering the purchase of a good magnifying glass for close inspection of wounds. Last but not least is the good old stand-by, a big bag (usually 25 kg) of cooking salt.

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Saturday, December 1, 2007

Four kinds foods for your beautiful koi

Current time, koi fish foods sold by some type, starting from dry foods, cold foods, life foods and others.

1. Dry foods
More than 90% of hobbies feed
koi fish using dry foods (pellet) that can float on the water surface, and surely it can look to see koi fish details. Beside that, pellet will be easier to remove from water pond.
There are 2 pellets that commonly sold in the market:
- Foods made from by animal’s protein (staple) purposed to
koi fish growth and as energy supply. The color is usually chocolate.
- Foods made from vegetable’s protein purposed for
koi fish pond with have lower temperature. The color is usually green.

Pellets usually contain vitamins and minerals as labeled. This concentration will release when box often to be opened that caused hit by air and sunlight directly.
Below are some tips how to buy dry foods (pellet):
- Buy pellet with small box as enough for 30 days. It is not suggested to buy foods by bigger box, although it is more economies.
- It is better to buy foods with not transparent box to avoid sunlight contaminations.

2. Life foods
Life foods like worm and prawn are the best choose for keeping
koi fish with better growth and color development quality. But, it has serious risk when life foods come from river or other place that already contaminated with heavy metal or diseases. Please consider to take life foods from natural foods that be cultured. The best foods is prawn that can make light red color.

3. Cold foods
Although already cooled, but some dangerous element on the foods usually still staying there. Cold foods like worm, prawn commonly sold without trade mark that not guarantee.

4. Other foods
As an omnivore,
koi fish will eat most of the kind of foods that can be eaten by people. So, from kitchen, excess foods are useful for koi fish. But, there are some foods that suggested not to give more due to will cause growth problems, like bread, watermelon, and banana.

Prohibit foods for
koi fish
Caterpillar from bad place is not allowed for
koi fish, it will disease to koi fish. Corns, legumes are also not good for koi fish due to can not be digested.

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A way how to reduce nitrate rate in the water pond

1. Change water pond 25% from total water pond volume regularly (eg. once or twice a week). How many times interval for water exchange depends on any factors, water pond volume, age of pond, koi fish quantity, foods gave, and others. As well as filter quality, water pond must be changed by new one because as we know that pond is closed system that not changed automatically like river. It usually followed by filter cleaning.

2. Use water crop to reduce nitrate rate in the water, because nitrate will ba absorbed by water crop as their nutrition. But, as known that
koi fish are omnivore that can eat vegetable, so water crop can not plan in the pond, but placed in the water filter system before water falling to the pond. we can take Eichornia crassipes I and Pista stratiotes that can do both functions, reducing nitrate rate and keep from moss growth.

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What can change color pattern of koi?

Feeding to enhance color koi fish are highly valued for their color and certain additives can be included in the diet to maintain and enhance the fish's natural coloration.
=Carotene affects the red pigmentation, but if used at too high a concentration, even the white pigment on the
koi fish will turn pink.
=Spirulina platensis also enhances and fixes the red pigment, but does not turn the white to pink to the same extent. It is a type of algae found and cultured in Mexico and eaten by the people, since it contains a high level of protein.

Strong red and yellow pigments develop well in waters rich in green phytoplankton. Black pigment is enriched in hard water with a pH level of 7.5-8.5. Remember, however, that changing the pH and hardness of the water can affect the toxicity of ammonia and nitrite.
Good coloration is not only enhanced by good feeding, however. Healthy fish tend to have much brighter colors than diseased ones. To bring out the color in
koi fish, particularly the white, you must provide good living conditions.

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What nutrition should contain of koi fish food?

It is very important when you will arrange food for koi fish. Foods should contains various elements that needed by koi fish, such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, which are essential for koi fish to maintain healthy bodies, grow and reproduce. What these elements are and why they are important components of food to koi fish?

1. Proteins, are made up of amino acids. Thirteen essential amino acids should be included in any fish diet, although there are about 20 found in natural proteins. An adequate diet contains sufficient quantities of both essential and nonessential amino acids to allow the
koi fish to grow, repair damaged tissue and produce either eggs or sperm. Deficiency of protein or any of the essential amino acids causes koi fish to grow more slowly. Proteins in corn, soy or wheat are very different from proteins in a feed ingredient like shrimp or blood meal. Corn protein may be VERY heavy in Leucine or Lysine. While shrimp meal may be heavy in sulfur containing amino acids and very low in Lysine. Therefore, the best way is use both foods to make protein content balance and complete. At the same time, plant proteins can contribute needed energy in the form of carbohydrates. They may also bring fiber to the equation.
2. Fats, provide a source of energy to
koi fish; their important role is in providing fattyacids, such as triglyceride and phospholipids; vital components of membranes surrounding all cell walls. koi fish can make almost all of the fatty acids they need with the exceptions of linoleic and linolenic acids, which are essential and must be provided in the food. Linolenic acids are required for growth.
3. Carbohydrates, also form a source of energy for
koi fish but fish metabolize them less readily than omnivorous birds or mammals. Too much carbohydrate is very bad for koi fish health, resulting in either degeneration of the liver or an excessive storage of these substances as glycogen, leading ultimately to heart failure.
4. Vitamins, are essential for the normal metabolism and growth of
koi fish, and requirements of some are increased during spawning. Vitamins are complex-structured substances, needed in only small amounts in the diet, but deficiencies can cause clinical disorders.
5. Minerals, aid basic metabolic functions, as well as performing their own duties, which include building skeletal structures, osmoregulation, building of nerves, and maintaining the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the blood system. Normally 12 percent of the diet is made up of minerals, being contained in fish food in the form of ash.


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Friday, November 30, 2007

Keeping Your Koi Healthy are Difficult?

The key to keeping healthy happy Koi Carp is water quality, without plenty of clean well oxygenated water you are likely to experience constant health problems including parasite infestation and bacterial disease.

The size of a Koi pond is a question often asked. The large volume of water which is well filtered with a few koi will mean health problems kept to a minimum.A koi pond needs to be 1500 gallons with a minimum depth of at least 3 feet. Koi like stable water parameters which includes temperature. The temperature of a pond will fluctuate to much if it is shallow, a 1500 gallon koi pond would be fully stocked with around 8 koi averaging 30cm in length.
Water temp what is important with regard to temperature in a koi pond is that it is constant and does not swing rapidly. I would suggest the absolute minimum size for a Koi pond to be 3ft deep and 1500 gallons. Although an average depth of 5 foot would be my recommendation. Generally a larger volume of water will provide a better living environment for its inhabitants.

However I must stress that it is a myth that Koi grow to the size of the pond. Koi are large fish and if kept in good conditions will continue to grow. In a shallow 3 ft deep pond the Koi will tend to grow fatter rather than the slender appearance you would associate with a large Koi you may see in a dealers premises.

PH Ideally between 7.0 to 8.0 although 6.8 to 8.5 is acceptable, the important thing is that the PH is stable and does not alter much. The PH will affect the general health and immune system of Koi. If you find your PH alters, algae and in particular blanket weed growth can often be the cause. If you have a high PH check for run of from cement and rocks with a heavy lime content.
Ammonia 0 - Also note that any Ammonia present will be more toxic with a high PH.
Nitrite 0


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10 Reasons Why Koi Fish Are Unique?

1. The King of Exotic Freshwater Fish
Koi is the biggest exotic fish of freshwater fish and represent prestigious fish. Its big head decorated by a couple of moustache. Its moustache make different by cooky fish, Auratus Carassius. They swim as a king and once in a while will jump water exit demonstrate its inviting buttonhole. Koi is the King of exotic freshwater fish.

Koi fish grow very fast. As imagine, at the first year they will grow about 10-20 cm, at the second 24-30 cm, and at the third 37-40 cm. If we keep them as well, at the fifth year total length of the fish will reach 45-50 cm, and at the year the tenth will be 55-70 cm. What have been noted there, record of koi till 1,53Mtrs length and 45Kgs weigh.

2. Koi have low cost but beautiful appearance
Koi that winning on the contest can be sold till more than 10 million yen (more than $12,000.00). In general. people have an opinion that koi as exotic fish which high costly price.
Even that way, a little koi only sold at the price started from of $0.1 and higher depend on koi larger. You can choose good koi by your well checking. You are also very easy to keep koi fish as easy as breeding koi. And in short time we will get beautiful koi by our best treatment, even getting the contest as a winner.

3. Koi have easy environments adaptation
Koi is also known as easy fish adaptation to new environment. Koi can occupy most of all freshwater places. When you move koi from one place to new environments, not allowed to place them directly without some adaptation, or the koi will death.

Some hobbies usually fly low first when will keep koi fish, because they do not have enough garden around their house. It is a big mistake, because koi no need large place to live. By 3.3 m2 of land is enough to keep this beautiful fish. Even more, there is some one who place koi at the balcony. With small place, of course it’s water have to be change every day. That way, in fact everyone can take koi fish as their home pet.

It is required larger place to place beautiful and big koi. At least, providing pond for 15-30 m2 with 1.2 m as ideal deepness. To get good condition of koi pond, some sanitary equipments is needed, like water filter, aerator, ect. To keep of pond cleaning, water conducted to change every day. For the metropolis or industrial town ground water that possible have hard contamination.

4. Koi are easy to accept any food
One cause why koi is easy to be kept is that koi easy to accept any kind of food. It is different with frogs that need some special food of them. While koi is familiar with any food from any form (flora or fauna), even bread is still accepted.

But, to get koi which grow healthy with beautiful color, we need to feed our koi with artificial food made from vegetables and of animals as well as very well vitamins to growth of its body color.
Besides the artificial food, we have to feed them by natural food like prawns, worm, crab, and snail. Comparison of vegetable with flesh is 6 : 4. But, the most easiest for us is using the ready foods from supermarket.

5. Koi make all family thinking same happiness
In general, a hobby is personal owning. When a father has hobby with his birth, other persons in same family may be can not enjoy their hobby, because they don’t know what thing make them interested to the birth. It is different with the Koi. Keeping koi fish will make a nice effect to all member of one family. Some family that keep koi, assume that koi as their own family. So, all thing regarding koi, food, sanitary, and others will be their problem together.
6. Koi are tame and gentle
There is no boss in one group of koi, and there is no a harsh of male to female. As older one place, koi will not against to new comer. Koi is very gentle.
Koi is also tame. If we keep koi by good habit, they will see us as friendly. we can feed themt by our hand directly to their mouth. Koi will swim near and dine food from our hand smoothly. Even If we give food rather to upside water level, koi will appear to the tops of the water and eat the food from hand. As it does look like cat or dog, we can give koi with name we want. Koi will be near by owner when called as their name, even a koi drink coffee of its owner.
When we have some problem, either in office or with our family, we can spend time for making a joke with the loves of koi. Believe, our problems will be loosed, or at least we can forget the problem for a moment that encumber us.
7. Koi have kind of body color

We know that koi have immeasurable shade which is very a lot, and we can make it as the beautiful color. Each koi have different color, so that it caused every owner is proud by their koi each other.
As beautiful and antique as any painting is the static object, while the koi is creature which is dynamic life. Koi colour is dynamic along with their development everyday, a period and season. They can also interest with their variegation like white, red, black, blue, yellow, dark blue, yellow gold, silver, and auburn.
Thera are not two koi have 100% same color pattern in the world. Koi color can develop follow their age.


8. Koi Can Become Friend For A Lifetime
About 15 year ago, it was very difficult to make koi alive especially at four season country.
Entering winter season, koi usually will "scale off", because do not hold up with extremes temperature change that till some point under 0OC. Koi is easy death and can not be their home pets.

Many hobbies learned more how to make their pets survive in long time. Some problem of them can be solved by some treatment to make koi still a live so long. By smart effort we do, koi can be the one of our daily friends for a lifetime. We just keep them by the best treatment that we can do. Clean pond/pool as well as we take care of our life.
Koi’s age is more long life. As average koi age is 50 – 75 years, so called as lifetime keeping. The longest of koi record is 226 years of age. It variety is Higoi (red), female, length 70cm and weigh 9 Kg. Koi’s age can be known by “years circular” in the bottom of koi body.

9. Koi also called as samurai fish

Koi is Famous as brave fish and not afraid to anything until they dead. For this reason, koi in Japan called as samurai fish.
Koi can generally live around 70 years. But there is some which is 200 years age. Because of its life age is like tortoise and flamingo, koi is also named as party fish.

In Japan, informed that koi can swim-up along waterfall. For the reason this fish [is] considered to be evocation symbol in the world. Koi also served at night mausoleum feast, because believed as luck carrier. So, it is not surprise if many people try to keep koi as their friend at home.

10. Koi are the Japan culture

Koiis born from black carper fish by mutation. Same with other fish, it will breed. It is a Japanese habit. They will try to multiply it as beautiful as their “parent”. Commonly, the most Japanese have koi pond in their home.

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